Introduction

An Observation contains the result of a measurement performed by the Patient. It is based on a ServiceRequest that contains information about what to measure and when to measure.

In addition to the result and context, the Observation also contains information about the device used to perform the measurement and reference ranges copied from the ServiceRequest. Reference ranges can change over time, so the copy ensures that the reference range at the time of measurement is preserved.

The eHealth Infrastructure will assist in calculating qualities of the measurement. The observation will be annotated with these qualities.

Scope and Usage

In the eHealth Infrastructure the Observation resource is used in conjunction with the following resources.

• Media
  • Some Observations may be accompanied by media. E.g. images.
• QuestionnaireResponse
  • Some activities may involve answering a Questionnaire. The answer is captured in a QuestionnaireResponse. Questionnaires can be used for standalone information about the health of the patient, or they can be used to provide context information for Observations.
• Communication
  • Communication resources can be used to annotate Observations. See the profile ehealth-communication for further details.
• Provenance
  • In certain circumstances data from Observations and QuestionnaireResponses can be reused. When this happens, a Provenance resource will identify the source of the original data.
  • Provenance is also used to link correlated resources submitted together.

Submitting Observation bundles

Observations can be submitted using the submit-measurement operation. It is possible to submit a bundle of related resources containing:

• Observations
• Media
• QuestionnaireResponses
• Provenances

The submit-measurement operation is intended for uploading single measurements, not bulk uploads. Uploading large batches of resources is considered misuse.

The entire bundle is validated and then saved in a single transaction.

Observations are generally immutable once the bundle is saved. Further information about the observation can be added in separate resources like Provenance and Communication.

Marking Observations as "reused"

When a submitted Observation is actually reuse of a previous measurement, this must be marked by the submitter by added a Provenance resource with certain pre-defined properties.

• Provenance
  • .target must reference all reused resources in the submitted bundle; e.g. the Observation, QuestionnaireResponse or Media containing a copy of the reused values.
  • .activity must have value "Quotation" ("wasQuotedFrom") from FHIR ValueSet https://www.hl7.org/fhir/stu3/codesystem-w3c-provenance-activity-type.html#w3c-provenance-activity-type-Quotation
  • .policy must have value "http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/policy/ehealth/reuse-by-patient"
  • .agent.whoReference must reference the Patient who decided to reuse
  • .entity.role = "quotation"
  • .entity.what = must be reference to Observation, QuestionnaireResponse or Media being reused.

The Provenance resource needs not be supplied for resources which are not being used. However, for non-reused resources, a Provenance resource with .activity = "Primary-Source" can be used to indicate a newly obtained (not reused) Observation, QuestionnaireResponse or Media.

Marking Resources submitted in same bundle

When an Observation-bundle is submitted the eHealth Infrastructure will automatically create a Provenance resource, which identifies the resources which were submitted in the same bundle.

The search-measurements operation can return the resources submitted as part of the same bundle.

Marking Observations with result missing

An Observation is expected to contain a result along with details, for instance when it was obtained. In the event that no result can be measured or otherwise obtained, an Observation can be submitted with the .dataAbsentReason specified.

Searching for Observations

It is possible to search for Observations based on:

• context
• subject
• code
• period
• deviceMeasuringQuality
• situationQuality
• operationQuality

At least one of "subject" and "context" must be provided. "period" searches on range of "effective".

See Searching for more information about searching in REST, messaging, and services.

• Key Elements Table
• Differential Table
• Snapshot Table
• Statistics/References
• All

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7
Observation.implicitRules	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Observation.Slices for extension		2..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url Slicing Note: The rules on this element (including its children) apply to all the slices, but are not repeated in them
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare		1..1	(Complex)	Associated Encounter episode of care URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/workflow-episodeOfCare
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.extension		0..0		Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.url		1..1	uri	"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/workflow-episodeOfCare"
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.value[x]		1..1	Reference(ehealth-episodeofcare) {r}	Value of extension
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:quality		0..*	(Complex)	Minimum requirements for qualities URL: http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-quality
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:resolvedTiming		1..1	(Complex)	Resolved Timing URL: http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-resolved-timing
Observation.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
Observation.basedOn	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	Reference(ehealth-servicerequest) {r}	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
Observation.status	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Observation.code	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: Observation Codes (required)
Observation.subject	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	Reference(ehealth-patient) {r}	Who and/or what the observation is about
Observation.effective[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
Observation.effective[x].effectiveDateTime			dateTime
Observation.effective[x].effectivePeriod			Period
Observation.effective[x].effectiveTiming			Timing
Observation.effective[x].effectiveInstant			instant
Observation.performer	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	Reference(ehealth-practitioner | ehealth-organization | ehealth-patient | ehealth-relatedperson) {r}	Who is responsible for the observation
Observation.value[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries. C	0..1		Actual result
Observation.value[x].valueQuantity			Quantity
Observation.value[x].valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
Observation.dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: Data Absent Reason (required)
Observation.device		0..1	Reference(ehealth-device) {r}	(Measurement) Device
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	required	Observation Codes	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	required	Data Absent Reason	📦11.0.1	This IG

Constraints

Id

Grade

Path(s)

Description

Expression

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
Observation.Slices for extension		2..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url Slicing Note: The rules on this element (including its children) apply to all the slices, but are not repeated in them
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare		1..1	(Complex)	Associated Encounter episode of care URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/workflow-episodeOfCare
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.value[x]		1..1	Reference(ehealth-episodeofcare) {r}	Value of extension
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:quality		0..*	(Complex)	Minimum requirements for qualities URL: http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-quality
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:resolvedTiming		1..1	(Complex)	Resolved Timing URL: http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-resolved-timing
Observation.basedOn		1..1	Reference(ehealth-servicerequest) {r}	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
Observation.code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: Observation Codes (required)
Observation.subject		1..1	Reference(ehealth-patient) {r}	Who and/or what the observation is about
Observation.effective[x]		1..1	dateTime, Period, Timing, instant	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
Observation.performer		1..1	Reference(ehealth-practitioner | ehealth-organization | ehealth-patient | ehealth-relatedperson) {r}	Who is responsible for the observation
Observation.value[x]		0..1		Actual result
Observation.value[x].valueQuantity			Quantity
Observation.value[x].valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
Observation.dataAbsentReason		0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: Data Absent Reason (required)
Observation.device		0..1	Reference(ehealth-device) {r}	(Measurement) Device
Observation.referenceRange
Observation.referenceRange.type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: Reference Range Type (required)
Observation.component
Observation.component.code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: Observation Codes (required)
Observation.component.value[x]		0..1		Actual component result
Observation.component.value[x].valueQuantity			Quantity
Observation.component.value[x].valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.code	Base	required	Observation Codes	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	required	Data Absent Reason	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.referenceRange.​type	Base	required	Reference Range Type	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.component.​code	Base	required	Observation Codes	📦11.0.1	This IG

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7
Observation.id	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
Observation.meta	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
Observation.implicitRules	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Observation.language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
Observation.contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Observation.Slices for extension		2..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url Slicing Note: The rules on this element (including its children) apply to all the slices, but are not repeated in them
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare		1..1	(Complex)	Associated Encounter episode of care URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/workflow-episodeOfCare
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.extension		0..0		Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.url		1..1	uri	"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/workflow-episodeOfCare"
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.value[x]		1..1	Reference(ehealth-episodeofcare) {r}	Value of extension
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:quality		0..*	(Complex)	Minimum requirements for qualities URL: http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-quality
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:resolvedTiming		1..1	(Complex)	Resolved Timing URL: http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-resolved-timing
Observation.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
Observation.identifier	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
Observation.basedOn	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	Reference(ehealth-servicerequest) {r}	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
Observation.partOf	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
Observation.status	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Observation.category		0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
Observation.code	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: Observation Codes (required)
Observation.subject	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	Reference(ehealth-patient) {r}	Who and/or what the observation is about
Observation.focus	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
Observation.encounter	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
Observation.effective[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
Observation.effective[x].effectiveDateTime			dateTime
Observation.effective[x].effectivePeriod			Period
Observation.effective[x].effectiveTiming			Timing
Observation.effective[x].effectiveInstant			instant
Observation.issued	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
Observation.performer	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	Reference(ehealth-practitioner | ehealth-organization | ehealth-patient | ehealth-relatedperson) {r}	Who is responsible for the observation
Observation.value[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries. C	0..1		Actual result
Observation.value[x].valueQuantity			Quantity
Observation.value[x].valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
Observation.dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: Data Absent Reason (required)
Observation.interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
Observation.note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
Observation.bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
Observation.method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
Observation.specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
Observation.device		0..1	Reference(ehealth-device) {r}	(Measurement) Device
Observation.referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
Observation.referenceRange.id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
Observation.referenceRange.extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
Observation.referenceRange.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Observation.referenceRange.low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity(4.0.1)	Low Range, if relevant Constraints: sqty-1
Observation.referenceRange.high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity(4.0.1)	High Range, if relevant Constraints: sqty-1
Observation.referenceRange.type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: Reference Range Type (required)
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
Observation.referenceRange.age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
Observation.referenceRange.text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
Observation.hasMember	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
Observation.derivedFrom	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Observation.component	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results
Observation.component.id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
Observation.component.extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
Observation.component.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Observation.component.code	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: Observation Codes (required)
Observation.component.value[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1		Actual component result
Observation.component.value[x].valueQuantity			Quantity
Observation.component.value[x].valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
Observation.component.interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
Observation.component.referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.language	Base	preferred	Common Languages	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	required	Observation Codes	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	required	Data Absent Reason	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite	Base	example	SNOMED CT Body Structures	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.method	Base	example	Observation Methods	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type	Base	required	Reference Range Type	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo	Base	example	Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code	Base	required	Observation Codes	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id

Grade

Path(s)

Description

Expression

Key Elements View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7
Observation.implicitRules	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Observation.Slices for extension		2..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url Slicing Note: The rules on this element (including its children) apply to all the slices, but are not repeated in them
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare		1..1	(Complex)	Associated Encounter episode of care URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/workflow-episodeOfCare
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.extension		0..0		Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.url		1..1	uri	"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/workflow-episodeOfCare"
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.value[x]		1..1	Reference(ehealth-episodeofcare) {r}	Value of extension
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:quality		0..*	(Complex)	Minimum requirements for qualities URL: http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-quality
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:resolvedTiming		1..1	(Complex)	Resolved Timing URL: http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-resolved-timing
Observation.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
Observation.basedOn	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	Reference(ehealth-servicerequest) {r}	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
Observation.status	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Observation.code	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: Observation Codes (required)
Observation.subject	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	Reference(ehealth-patient) {r}	Who and/or what the observation is about
Observation.effective[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
Observation.effective[x].effectiveDateTime			dateTime
Observation.effective[x].effectivePeriod			Period
Observation.effective[x].effectiveTiming			Timing
Observation.effective[x].effectiveInstant			instant
Observation.performer	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	Reference(ehealth-practitioner | ehealth-organization | ehealth-patient | ehealth-relatedperson) {r}	Who is responsible for the observation
Observation.value[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries. C	0..1		Actual result
Observation.value[x].valueQuantity			Quantity
Observation.value[x].valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
Observation.dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: Data Absent Reason (required)
Observation.device		0..1	Reference(ehealth-device) {r}	(Measurement) Device
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	required	Observation Codes	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	required	Data Absent Reason	📦11.0.1	This IG

Constraints

Id

Grade

Path(s)

Description

Expression

Differential View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
Observation.Slices for extension		2..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url Slicing Note: The rules on this element (including its children) apply to all the slices, but are not repeated in them
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare		1..1	(Complex)	Associated Encounter episode of care URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/workflow-episodeOfCare
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.value[x]		1..1	Reference(ehealth-episodeofcare) {r}	Value of extension
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:quality		0..*	(Complex)	Minimum requirements for qualities URL: http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-quality
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:resolvedTiming		1..1	(Complex)	Resolved Timing URL: http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-resolved-timing
Observation.basedOn		1..1	Reference(ehealth-servicerequest) {r}	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
Observation.code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: Observation Codes (required)
Observation.subject		1..1	Reference(ehealth-patient) {r}	Who and/or what the observation is about
Observation.effective[x]		1..1	dateTime, Period, Timing, instant	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
Observation.performer		1..1	Reference(ehealth-practitioner | ehealth-organization | ehealth-patient | ehealth-relatedperson) {r}	Who is responsible for the observation
Observation.value[x]		0..1		Actual result
Observation.value[x].valueQuantity			Quantity
Observation.value[x].valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
Observation.dataAbsentReason		0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: Data Absent Reason (required)
Observation.device		0..1	Reference(ehealth-device) {r}	(Measurement) Device
Observation.referenceRange
Observation.referenceRange.type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: Reference Range Type (required)
Observation.component
Observation.component.code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: Observation Codes (required)
Observation.component.value[x]		0..1		Actual component result
Observation.component.value[x].valueQuantity			Quantity
Observation.component.value[x].valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.code	Base	required	Observation Codes	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	required	Data Absent Reason	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.referenceRange.​type	Base	required	Reference Range Type	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.component.​code	Base	required	Observation Codes	📦11.0.1	This IG

Snapshot ViewView

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7
Observation.id	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
Observation.meta	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
Observation.implicitRules	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Observation.language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
Observation.contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Observation.Slices for extension		2..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url Slicing Note: The rules on this element (including its children) apply to all the slices, but are not repeated in them
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare		1..1	(Complex)	Associated Encounter episode of care URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/workflow-episodeOfCare
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.extension		0..0		Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.url		1..1	uri	"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/workflow-episodeOfCare"
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:episodeOfCare.value[x]		1..1	Reference(ehealth-episodeofcare) {r}	Value of extension
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:quality		0..*	(Complex)	Minimum requirements for qualities URL: http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-quality
Observation.Slices for extension.extension:resolvedTiming		1..1	(Complex)	Resolved Timing URL: http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-resolved-timing
Observation.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
Observation.identifier	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
Observation.basedOn	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	Reference(ehealth-servicerequest) {r}	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
Observation.partOf	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
Observation.status	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Observation.category		0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
Observation.code	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: Observation Codes (required)
Observation.subject	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	Reference(ehealth-patient) {r}	Who and/or what the observation is about
Observation.focus	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
Observation.encounter	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
Observation.effective[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
Observation.effective[x].effectiveDateTime			dateTime
Observation.effective[x].effectivePeriod			Period
Observation.effective[x].effectiveTiming			Timing
Observation.effective[x].effectiveInstant			instant
Observation.issued	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
Observation.performer	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	Reference(ehealth-practitioner | ehealth-organization | ehealth-patient | ehealth-relatedperson) {r}	Who is responsible for the observation
Observation.value[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries. C	0..1		Actual result
Observation.value[x].valueQuantity			Quantity
Observation.value[x].valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
Observation.dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: Data Absent Reason (required)
Observation.interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
Observation.note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
Observation.bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
Observation.method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
Observation.specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
Observation.device		0..1	Reference(ehealth-device) {r}	(Measurement) Device
Observation.referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
Observation.referenceRange.id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
Observation.referenceRange.extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
Observation.referenceRange.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Observation.referenceRange.low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity(4.0.1)	Low Range, if relevant Constraints: sqty-1
Observation.referenceRange.high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity(4.0.1)	High Range, if relevant Constraints: sqty-1
Observation.referenceRange.type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: Reference Range Type (required)
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
Observation.referenceRange.age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
Observation.referenceRange.text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
Observation.hasMember	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
Observation.derivedFrom	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Observation.component	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results
Observation.component.id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
Observation.component.extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
Observation.component.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Observation.component.code	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: Observation Codes (required)
Observation.component.value[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1		Actual component result
Observation.component.value[x].valueQuantity			Quantity
Observation.component.value[x].valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
Observation.component.interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
Observation.component.referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.language	Base	preferred	Common Languages	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	required	Observation Codes	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	required	Data Absent Reason	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite	Base	example	SNOMED CT Body Structures	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.method	Base	example	Observation Methods	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type	Base	required	Reference Range Type	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo	Base	example	Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code	Base	required	Observation Codes	📦11.0.1	This IG
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id

Grade

Path(s)

Description

Expression

Summary

Mandatory: 6 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• ehealth-episodeofcare (http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-episodeofcare)
• ehealth-servicerequest (http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-servicerequest)
• ehealth-patient (http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-patient)
• ehealth-practitioner (http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-practitioner)
• ehealth-organization (http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-organization)
• ehealth-relatedperson (http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-relatedperson)
• ehealth-device (http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-device)

Extensions

This structure refers to these extensions:

• http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/workflow-episodeOfCare
• http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-quality
• http://ehealth.sundhed.dk/fhir/StructureDefinition/ehealth-resolved-timing